ⲇ, fourth letter of the alphabet, called ⲇⲗⲇⲁ (Stern p 418), ⲇⲁⲗⲇⲁ (K 1, My 55), دالة (sic), دلدة (P 43 234). As numeral BF, rarely S (Br 91, 131) = four, B f often without -ϯ (Ge 2 10, 47 24, Ac 10 11, 21 9, Aeg 235). a. in Coptic words rare & only as equiv of other letters (S): ⲥⲇⲓⲱϩⲉ (CO 139), ⲇⲉ (ib 174), ⲇⲓ = ϯ vb (BKU 1 21 pass, LAl pass), ⲇⲉ (ⲇⲓ-), ⲧⲉⲓ- pron J 69 41, ⲇⲓ- = ϯ- pref 1 sg (JKP 2 70, CO 195), ⲇⲓⲙⲉ (Bodl(P) e 70), ⲇⲓⲡⲉ (Nu 11 8), ⲇⲏⲣ⸗ (Aeg 287n, J 69 21). Common in foreign words; b. for ⲧ: ⲁⲛⲇⲓⲗⲓⲅⲉ (BMis 135), ⲁⲥⲕⲏⲇⲏⲥ (Ep 205), ⲃⲁⲡⲇⲓⲥⲙⲁ (Wess 2 96), ⲕⲁⲇⲏⲅⲟⲣⲟⲥ (BMis 325), ⲕⲓⲃⲟⲩⲇⲟⲥ (LDi 277), ⲙⲉⲇⲣⲓⲧⲏⲥ (BSM 41), ⲡⲉⲇⲁⲗⲟⲛ (ib 99), ⲇⲉⲭⲛⲏ (C 73 177), ⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ (BMis 7), ⲇⲟⲩⲃⲓⲧ, ⲧⲟⲩⲃⲓⲇ (Τωβείτ), ϩⲩⲡⲟⲇⲁⲍⲉ (Wess 11 110), ⲭⲁⲣⲇⲏⲥ (C 86 129). c. replaced by ⲧ: ⲁⲧⲁⲙⲁⲥ (BMis 271), ⲉⲛⲧⲏⲙⲁ (ἔνδυμα DeV 46), ⲇⲓⲁⲧⲉⲭⲉ (Wess 15 28), ⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ (C 89 198), ⲕⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥ (ib 74), ⲕⲛⲧⲏⲛⲟⲥ (Bodl(P) e 27), ⲡⲉⲧⲏⲥ (C 86 148), ⲡⲣⲉⲧⲁ (praeda Miss 4 112), ⲥⲕⲁⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲛ (BMis 160), ϩⲩⲙⲛⲟⲧⲟⲥ (ib 301); both: ⲕⲁⲑⲉⲧⲇⲣⲁ (C 43 47), ⲧⲇⲣⲁⲙⲁ (R 2 1 58). d. for ⲑ (B): ⲁⲛⲇⲣⲁⲝ (Ex 39 11 Lag), ⲁϥⲇⲁⲣⲧⲟⲥ BMEA 10587, ⲇⲣⲟⲛⲓⲍⲓⲛ (AM 280), ⲥⲩⲛⲇⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ (Va 67 72), ⲕⲟⲗⲩⲙⲃⲏⲇⲣⲁ (BM 848, BSM 85). e. replaced by (ⲑ B): ⲑⲉⲥⲡⲟⲧⲏⲥ (BM 848), ⲑⲉⲟⲛⲏⲥⲓⲟⲥ (Dionysius C 89 43), ⲑⲣⲓⲙⲟⲥ (δρυμός K 174), ⲟⲣⲑⲓⲛⲟⲛ (DeV 94, C 89 16), ⲥⲩⲛⲏⲑⲏⲥⲓⲥ (συνείδ. Va 61 9), ⲥⲧⲁⲑⲓⲟⲛ (C 86 97). f. for ⲥ, ⲍ: ⲕⲁⲗⲁⲡⲏⲇⲓⲟⲥ (Ep 135), ⲥⲩⲙⲡⲟⲇⲓⲟⲛ (EW 47, CO 86), ⲧⲱⲡⲁⲇⲓⲟⲛ (Z 610, LAl 3). g. transcribed into Ar ⲇ becomes د: اندراوس, دسقورس, تاودورس; where Ar is transcribed ⲇ represents د, ذ: ⲇⲉϧⲁⲗⲉⲑ دخلت, ⲕⲁⲇⲇⲓⲥ قديس, ϩⲁⲇ عاد, ⲓⲇⲉ اذا, ⲇⲉϩⲉⲡ ذهب (all EW 234 ff), ⲁⲃⲇ- (& ⲁⲡⲧ-) عبد in names, ⲉⲙϫⲉⲇ امجد (BM 726), ⲓⲉⲍⲓⲇ يزيد, ⲣⲁⲥⲍⲓⲇ رشيد (Kr), though د may also = ⲧ (AZ 23 117–119, BIF 5 92 ff).