ϫ, 30th (or 31st, v Hall pll 28, 29, MR 4 130, RE 14 147 n) letter of alphabet, called ϫⲁⲛϫⲓⲁ (K 1, Stern p 7), ϫⲉⲛϫⲉ (ib p 418), جنجا (Lab ⲡⲓϩⲟⲩⲓⲧ ⲛⲧⲱⲣⲧⲉⲣ 4, Rec 12 38), جنجة (Stern l c).Derived from hierogl ṯ (S, B ϭ), as ϫⲓ, ϫⲏⲙⲉ, ϣϫⲏⲛ;or ḏ (SB), as ϫⲟⲓ, ⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ, ϩⲙϫ;or g (B, S ϭ), as ϫⲱⲃⲓ, ⲥⲟϫⲉⲛ, ϭⲗⲟϫ; or k (B, S ϭ), as ⲃⲏϫ, ϥⲱϫⲓ, ⲥⲱⲗϫ; or ḳ (B, S ϭ), as ⲏϫⲓ, ϫⲓϫⲓ.In O AZ 21 93 ff dem ⳗ (or ⳙ) = ϫ thrice, ϫ = ϫ once (98 l 16), ⳓ = ϫ & ϣ often; in P Mimaut (PGM 1 48, 60) ⳙ mostly, ϫ once (670), ⳓ = ϣ; in Hor, PMich 6131 & DM glosses ⳗ.Replaced by ϭ, as ⲗⲟϭⲗⲉϭ, ⲛⲟϭ⸗ (Bodl P c 11), ⲱⲣϭ (JKP 2 160), ϭⲡⲟ⸗ (BodlP f 24), ϭⲓϭ (J & C 98), ϩⲡⲟϭⲡⲉϭ; B (rare) ⲁⲓϭⲉⲣⲟⲕ (C 43 233);converse, as ⲙⲁⲛϫⲁⲗⲉ, ⲛⲁϫ (MR 5 55), ϫⲣⲟⲟⲙⲡⲉ (Gu 19), ϫⲁϩϫⲉϩ (Mt 24 51), ϩⲱⲣϫ (Mor 31 249).Replaces ⲧϣ, as ⲁϫⲉⲩ (AZ 71 87 A), ⲛⲉϫⲏⲕ (PS 53), ϫⲉ (Kr 81), ϫⲟⲩϫⲙⲏⲛ (ib 154), ϫⲛⲏ (Jo 20 15 A2), ⲡⲁϫⲉⲗⲉⲉⲧ (ManiP 150 A2), ϫⲃⲓⲱ (ib 174), ϫⲱϣⲓ (Eccl 5 8 F), ϫⲡⲓⲟ, ϫⲡⲟ, ϫⲏⲗⲓ (Lam 2 10 F), ϫⲟⲩⲓⲁ (JEA 11 246 F), ϫⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ (BristolMusH 4124), ϫⲛⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ (P 130¹ 139);converse, as ⲡⲉⲧϣⲁϥ (AZ 23 100 O), ⲧϣⲏⲙⲉ (CO 165), ⲧϣⲛⲱⲟⲩ (ἅλων P 44 62);ⲧϣ for ⲧϫ, as ⲉⲧϣⲱⲗⲉ (ib 80), ⲧϣⲏⲛⲉⲡⲱⲣ (Kr 125);converse, as ⲧϫⲏⲩⲉ (Mor 31 204).Replaces ⲧϫ, as ⲁϫⲓ (BHom 97), ϫⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱⲣ (Mt 24 17), ϫⲕⲱⲟⲩ (PLond 4 pass), ⲉϫⲁⲥⲓ (Is 34 13 F), ⲙⲛϫⲁϫⲉ (Mic 7 10 A);converse, as ⲡⲉⲧϫⲉ (Pcod Mor 17), ⲉⲧϫⲏⲩ (ManiP 42 A2).Replaces ϣ after ⲧ, as ϫⲟⲩⲧϫⲁⲙⲧⲉ (Mor 32 23), ⲙⲏⲧϫⲉⲙⲟ (Kr 102), ⲧϫⲁⲧⲥ (Ryl 343), ⲁⲧϫⲏⲗⲓ (Lam 1 20 F), ⲧϫⲓⲛⲉⲗⲁ (Σινελαεύς Kr 113);converse, as ⲙⲉⲧϣⲫⲓⲏⲧ (1 Tim 2 9 B), ⲉⲧϣⲱⲗⲉ (P 44 80), cf My 39 ⲉⲧϭⲓⲛ = ⲉϫⲓⲛ.Replaced by ϣ, as ϣⲱϫⲡ (ϣⲱⲡϣ Nu 6 19), ⲙⲁⲁϣⲉ (Ac 7 57), ϣⲟϣⲛⲉ (ib 27 12), ϣⲉϭⲉ (P 44 67), ϣⲡⲁ (Cant 6 5 F);converse, as ⲛⲟⲩϫⲥ (Ge 32 25), ϫⲙⲟⲩⲉ (P 43 65).Varies with ⲧ, as ⲁⲣⲏⲧⲥ (Deu 30 13 Budge), ⲛⲟⲧⲥ (ib 22 19), ϯϭⲉ-ϫⲓϫⲓ, ⲙⲓⲧⲱⲗ-ⲙⲉϫⲧⲱⲗ (v p 214 b), ⲕⲁⲧⲟⲧⲉ-ⲕⲁϫⲱϫ (Καθύτος, Κατῦτις BM 1075, AZ 28 1), ϣⲗⲓⲧ-ϣⲗⲓϫ (p 563 a), ϩⲟⲗⲟⲕⲟⲧⲧⲓⲛⲟⲥ-ⲉⲗⲉⲕⲟϫⲓⲛⲟⲥ (Amer JPhilol 56 110), ϥⲟⲧⲥⲓ, ϥⲟϫⲥⲓ (p 627 b); or ⲑ, as ⲑⲟⲕⲧⲉⲕ-ϫⲟⲕϫⲕ (Lev 19 28), ⲟⲣⲛⲓϫⲓ (ὀρνίθιον ? Pro 24 66).Replaces ⲅ, as ⲁⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϫⲓⲛ (-αγῆναι Va 57 64), ⲁⲛⲧⲓⲗⲉϫⲉ (CO 171), ⲉϫⲉⲛⲛⲉⲧⲟ (ἐγένετο Pap penes Maggs Bros 1937), ⲑⲁⲣⲁⲛϫⲓⲃⲓⲛ (Montp 146, cf K 190), ϫⲓⲙⲁ (γίμελ Lam 1 3 B, ib 2 3 ⲅⲓⲙⲁ); or ⲕ, as ⲧⲱϫ (Saq 1909 p 101), ⲑⲟⲩⲣⲁϫⲓ-ⲑⲟⲣⲁⲅⲅⲓ (θωράκιον K 120, TEuch 1 175), Σαρραϫηνος (Rev Épigr 1913 151);converse: BMis 485 ⲕⲛⲁⲁⲩ; or ⲕⲥ (ⲝ), as ⲃⲓⲛⲁϫ (p 41 b), ⲧⲁϫⲓⲧⲛ (PLond 4 435 n); or ⲍ in ⲁⲥⲡⲁϫⲉ (Hall 83);Varies with ⲭ AA2F, rarely S (archaic), too often to justify explanation proposed p 516 a, q v, adding ⲉϫⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ (Lam 2 14 F), ⲧⲉϫⲛⲓⲧⲏⲥ (Cant 7 2 F) & ⲥⲁⲭⲛⲓ, ⲭⲓ, ⲉⲭⲱ (O Beatty's Isaiah xi), ⲣⲉⲭⲛⲁⲩ (JEA 11 245 F), Πεσχαλ, -ϫαλ (BM 1075), Ταροῦχις cf ⲧⲁϩⲣⲟⲩϫ (WS 175); also ? names as Πχώωρ, Πχόχ (POxy 2058), Χεκοῦλ (ib 2037) & f Χενοννῶφρις (var Σεν- for Τσεν-), Χενψόις (var do), cf sim ϫ(ⲉ)ⲛ- above.Transcribed in Gk by τζ, as Πτζωτζ (var -ωτς), Τζιτζοι (Preisigke, var Τζιτσζοι, cf MG 25 399 ϫⲓϭⲱⲓ), Τσεκλουτζ (ib, var -κλουτς, -κρουϫ), Πετζρωτζ (Ryl 149), ουτζαι, τζεν- (CMSS 59), κουτζι, τζομ (MR 5 41, 2 57), σατζι, τζωπ (EW 86);or τσ, as κοντσου-ⲕⲟⲩⲛϫⲟⲩ q v, ⲧⲥⲁⲉⲣⲃⲏⲛⲓⲥ cf ϫⲁϩϩⲉⲣⲃⲓⲛⲉ (Hall 113, 38);or σ, as σισόη (ϫⲓϫⲱⲓ Lev 19 27); or γχ in Ἁρουώγχιος-ϩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲟϫ (BM 1028);or transcribes τι ⲕⲉⲣⲱⲛϫⲓ (BM 1252, cf ⲕⲉⲣⲟⲛⲧⲥⲓ Kr 72, Κεροντζι Wess 10 157), ⲁ̇ⲡⲟⲕⲣⲁϫⲱⲛ-Ἁρποκρατίων (PSBA 29 295).Transcribes Ar ج, as ϥⲁⲣⲁϫ فرج (BM 618), ⲥⲉⲛϫⲁⲣ زنجار (L Al xvii, cf ⲥⲓⲛϭⲁⲣ AZ 23 118), ⲉⲥⲡⲏⲓⲧⲉϫ اسفيداج (ib), ϧⲁⲗⲓϫ خليج (BSM xi), ⲉⲙϫⲉⲇ امجد (BM 726), ϫⲉⲡⲉⲗ جبل ⲃⲉϫϩ وجه (EW 234 ff);transcribed by ج, as ⲁⲡϫⲓϫ ابجيج, ⲡⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϫ برنوج, ⲡϫⲉⲗⲃⲁϩ جلفة, ⲙⲁⲣϫⲱϫⲉ برجوج (p 184 a);or ش (cf B ϭ), as ⲡⲉⲗϫⲱⲃ بلشوم, ⲧⲙϫⲓⲣ دمشير (? Τεμσιρ Wess 3 133) ϫⲉⲗϥⲁⲩ شلبا, ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ شورة (Synax 1 323 ult), ϫⲕⲱⲟⲩ (for ⲧϫ.) اشقوة, ϫⲉⲃⲣⲟ شبرا, ϫⲏⲙⲉ شامة, ϫⲓⲛϫⲏⲃ شنشيف;or س (rare): ϫⲉⲙⲛⲟⲩϯ سمنود;or ص, as ϯⲗⲟϫ دلاص, (ⲧ)ϫⲁⲁⲛⲉ صان, ϫⲓⲣ صير.

On pronunciation of ϫ v Worrell Coptic Sounds, esp 21, 24, 107–9, 131–8.